History is a complex and dynamic matrix. When we trace the threads of the last century, we see some historical dimensions cut off entirely, others rose from the margins to center stage, some twisted beyond recognition, and others reshaped humanity's very destiny from the ground up. This book explores how the future of mankind can be achieved through innovation and cooperation in order to achieve harmonious and beautiful sustainable development from various dimensions, such as economy and finance, science and technology, intellectual culture, and social ecology. The book consists of seven chapters. Chapter One examines the profound impact of major events and key figures from the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries on the world order and global structure from economic, technological, and trade perspectives, including the Paris Commune, the Great Depression of 1929, Roosevelt's New Deal, the collapse of Bretton Woods, and Brexit. Chapter Two focuses on Chinese history, featuring 38 questions about Chinese history that the author exchanged with Ray Dalio, the founder of Bridgewater Associate, as well as the author's in-depth thinking on his investigations of five Latin American countries and six West Asian countries and the process of China's modernization in the 1980s. Chapter Three explores the relationship between technology and civilization from humanistic and ethical perspectives, including how the invention of gunpowder has changed the history of the world, and features correspondence between Mr. Qian Xuesen and the author in 1984 discussing the relationship between science and technology and the national economy. Chapter Four explores the evolutionary history of Chinese currency, especially from the emergence of the jiaozi banknotes in the Northern Song Dynasty to contemporary digital currencies. Chapter Five focuses on the author's reflections on the history of economic thought over the 40 years of China's reform and opening-up, as well as his research on Chinese economic research methodologies and regional economic development pathways. Chapter Six shows the development of cutting-edge technologies in the 2020s, primarily focusing on artificial intelligence, quantum revolution, blockchain, and the metaverse, and examines how the technological revolution is accelerating the development of the digital economy and society. Chapter Seven looks towards the future, illustrating the interaction between the digital economy, future cities, ocean space, space exploration, and global future trends, as well as the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.