This book is a summary of Zhijiang Lab’s achievements in the past five years. The lab aims to become a science and technology platform of strategic importance to the country. It upholds the spirit of science and seeks to efficiently serve the country. Zhijiang Lab plays an important role in the implementation of China’s innovation-driven development strategy and experimentation relating to the “whole nation system” and the Zhejiang pathway. This book systematically introduces the historical background behind the establishment of the lab. The establishment of the lab was related to several factors, including unprecedented global changes, new national strategies for science and technology in the new era, the “whole nation system”, and new operation models for R&D institutions. The book also comprehensively introduces the development, main features, and major achievements of the lab as well as the contributions made by Zhijiang Lab to China’s rise as a science and technology powerhouse. This book can be recommended as a popular science book to faculty and students of universities and employees of research institutions and government departments and agencies responsible for promoting science, technology and research. It can also be used as a reference work by relevant government departments and research institutions.