This book is a monograph on China’s judicial system derived from the author’s lectures on the judicial system and reform in China for the School of Law of Tsinghua University. It reviews and interprets the system in terms of the motivations and decision-making mechanisms for judicial reform, the role of people’s courts in China’s political and judicial system, the trial class system, and the judges system. Instead of analyzing legal provisions or justifying the existing systems, the author explains in an objective and fair manner how China’s judicial system has taken shape, as well as the causes of its problems, difficulties in the reform, and its possibilities.